Ozi ndị ọzọ ― Igbo

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) bụ ọrịa kansa anụ ahụ nke abụọ a na-ahụkarị na United States, na-esote basal cell carcinoma. Ọ na-amalitekarị site na actinic keratosis, ma nwee ike gbasaa n'akụkụ ahụ ndị ọzọ. Isi ihe kpatara ya bụ ikpughe ultraviolet (UV) radiation sitere na anyanwụ, nke na-agbakọta ka oge na-aga. Ọgwụgwọ na-agụnyekarị ịwepụ (surgical excision), ọkachasị maka SCC n'isi na olu (head and neck). Usoro ọgwụgwọ radiation therapy bụ nhọrọ maka ndị ọrịa meworo agadi ma ọ bụ ndị na-enweghị ike ịwa ahụ. Immunosuppression na-abawanye ohere nke SCC. Ọ bụ ezie na ọ dị ụkọ, SCC nwere ike gbasaa, ọkachasị n'ime ndị ọrịa nwere sistemụ ahụ ji alụso ọrịa ọgụ adịghị ike. Nleba anya mgbe niile na nchedo anyanwụ dị mkpa maka ndị nwere SCC.
Squamous cell carcinoma of the skin or cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma is the second most common form of skin cancer in the United States, behind basal cell carcinoma. Squamous cell carcinoma has precursor lesions called actinic keratosis, exhibits tumor progression and has the potential to metastasize in the body. Ultraviolet (UV) solar radiation is the primary risk factor in the development of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma and the cumulative exposure received over a lifetime plays a major part in the development of this cancer. Surgical excision is the primary treatment modality for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, with Mohs micrographic surgery being the preferred excisional technique for squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, and in other areas of high risk or squamous cell carcinoma with high-risk characteristics. Radiation therapy is reserved for squamous cell carcinoma in older patients or those who will not tolerate surgery, or when it has not been possible to obtain clear margins surgically. Adjuvant radiotherapy is commonly after surgical treatment in very high tumors. Immunosuppression significantly increases the risk of squamous cell carcinoma over the course of an individual’s life. Metastasis is uncommon for squamous cell carcinomas arising in areas of chronic sun exposure, but it can take place, and the risk is increased in immunosuppressed patients. Patients with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma should be examined regularly and remember to use measures to protect from UV damage.

Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) bụ ọrịa kansa nke abụọ kachasị n'ahụ́ mmadụ, na ọnụọgụ ya na-arị elu. Ọ bụ ezie na CSCC na-egosipụtakarị àgwà dị mma n'ịdị n'ahụ́, ọ nwere ike itinye aka n'ịgbasa n'ógbè dị iche iche yana akụkụ ahụ ndị ọzọ. Ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị achọpụtala ụzọ ndị a kapịrị ọnụ metụtara mmepe CSCC, nke na-eduga n'ịmepụta ọgwụgwọ ọhụrụ. Ọnụ ọgụgụ dị elu nke mgbanwe mkpụrụ ndụ na ihe ị̀zèdọ̀ dị elu n'etiti ndị ọrịa nwere immunosuppression (immunosuppressed) emeela ka mmepe nke immunotherapy. Nyocha a na-eleba anya na ndabere molekular (molecular basis) nke CSCC na ọgwụgwọ kachasị ọhụrụ, na-elekwasị anya n'ịhụ́ molekulụ a na-ebu ụzọ ebido (targetable molecules) na mgbochi checkpoint immune (immune checkpoint inhibitors).
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) is the second most frequent cancer in humans and its incidence continues to rise. Although CSCC usually display a benign clinical behavior, it can be both locally invasive and metastatic. The signaling pathways involved in CSCC development have given rise to targetable molecules in recent decades. In addition, the high mutational burden and increased risk of CSCC in patients under immunosuppression were part of the rationale for developing the immunotherapy for CSCC that has changed the therapeutic landscape. This review focuses on the molecular basis of CSCC and the current biology-based approaches of targeted therapies and immune checkpoint inhibitors